Chapter 3

SUMMARY

This paper attempted to determine the effects of junk food to us.

          The research design used in this study is the descriptive research method wherein data from documents and articles found in in the internet were used to answer the research question posed. The research findings are the following:

1. Junk food is popular because convenience and affordable. That can fit the allowance of people specially teens and children that sold as low as P1.00.

2. People tend to buy junk food. People preferred fast serving. People sometimes hurrying somewhere near their place like sari-sari store. For them to make their life easier and faster.

3. Junk Food is heavily advertised. We can see it through television, computer, tablets and other gadgets. We can also see it outside through posters, billboards, flyers and brochures.The impact of heavily appealing of food to us.  

4. Although, a lot of people still buy junk food.  It's either people ignored it or  unaware about junk food.

Conclusion

 Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. Junk food has a negative effects on  physical body wherein obesity leads to high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetics and so more. Those illnesses will contribute to heat disease. People will become less active,lock of exercise and feel uncomfortable.

2. Junk food has a negative effects on emotional and psychological.Junk food can lead to deppresion.This is defined as feeling of being sad that leads to depression,uncomfortable, energy levels and lack of exercise.

RECOMMENDATION

After stating conclusions of the study, the researcher make the following suggestions/recommendations:

1.     People should take a deeper look on studies for they are somehow based on reality or prediction on how they society will be in the future.

2.     People, specifically readers, teachers, students and dietitian should be more aware and observant on what is happening to the society today as this study brings realization of the fact about junk food.

3.     Future researchers should design a research that will develop the study throughout the process of the research to give a different take, perspective and approach in incorporating social sciences and psychological behavior.

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REFERENCES: 

"The Way we Eat Now" Retrieved 2004 from http://harvardmagazine.com/

"The Tricks Fast Food restaurant use to get you more". Retrieved 2014 from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2538568/REVEALED-The-tricks-fast-food-restaurants-use-eat-more.html

"Online Advertising Easily Influences Teens to Eat More Junk Food" Retrieved 2010 from http://www.naturalnews.com/028159_teens_junk_food_advertising.html#ixzz2xh3l50tz

“Is junk food a myth? Retrieved 2005 from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4304118.stm

"It's ads, Stupid: Why TV leads to obesity" Retrieved 2011 from http://healthland.time.com/2011/06/27/its-the-ads-why-tv-leads-to-obesity/

"Fast Food Nutrition: Junk Food's Effect On Your Body" Retrieved 2011 from http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/fast-food-nutrition-junk-foods-effect-on-your-body.html#b

"Rise in Mental illness unhealthy diets say studies say studies.linked to  unhealthy diets , Say studies (Press release)" Retrieved 2006 from http://www.naturalnews.com/020268_health_food_diet.html

 "I think, therefore I am" Retrieved  2014 from http://junkfoodscience.blogspot.com/

"Unhappy Meals: Are Fast Food, Depression Linked" Retrieved 2006 from http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/03/30/unhappy-meals-are-fast-food-depression-linked/

"Food addiction label increases stigma for obese individual, study finds" Retrieved 2013 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/12/food-addict-label-fat-stigma-obese_n_2670457.html

Chapter 2 (DRAFT)

Discussion

What are the negative effects of junk food on a person's physical, mental and emotional health?

I. Definition

We all know junk food that is not good for your health because it contains high amount of fat or sugar. Yet junk food is not just term used considering bad for our health but it is defined throughout studies and has been observed through history by different researcher.

Brendan O'Nell wrote an article called “Is junk food a myth?," in the site news.BBC.co. Here, Brendan O'Nell stated that "Junk food is an oxymoron, Food is either good - that is, it is enjoyable to eat and will sustain life - or it is good food that has gone bad, meaning that it has deteriorated and gone off.To label a food as 'junk' is just another way of saying, 'I disapprove of it.' There are bad diets - that is, bad mixtures and quantities of food - but there are no 'bad foods' except those that have become bad through contamination or deterioration.There is no such thing as junk food, but there is such thing as junk diet”

(Http://news.BBC.co.uk/2/hi/UK_news/magazine/4304118.stm)

This article discuss about the definition of junk food by its observation, analysis and discusses on how the ideas about junk food flows to everyone. The writer provide a way of clarifying that junk food is not good for our health if and only if people are continue eating it. He able to discussed the true meaning of junk food. For him their is no such meaning for junk food unless you will make junk food as eating habit and it will go to the point that junk food is not good for health.

II. Negative Physical Effects

A. Obesity

Eating junk food can have a significant impact on one's health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious health illnesses and one of this is increasing of obesity.

Alice park wrote an article entitled "It's ads, Stupid: Why TV leads to obesity". Here, Alice Park mentioned that “We created a perfect storm between media use, junk and fast food advertising, and physical inactivity,We created a situation where we now have more overweight and obese adults in the U.S, than underweight and normal weight adults; it’s become an urgent public health problem.”

(http://healthland.time.com/2011/06/27/its-the-ads-why-tv-leads-to-obesity/).

This article discussed the reason on why obesity increases in society. He discusses on how are body react on a certain and specific food. Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat, particularly saturated fat. It is often heavily processed and prepackaged, making it easy to prepare and consume. the deception of food on our senses that makes as eat more and more. Watching tv controls our lives or in other words, people becomes passive in making food preparation more easier and faster. The powerful technology that leads people become obesity is the television. That’s why food industry grows bigger, faster and popular. Most group impacted by junk food advertisements are teens or kids. Television pushed us to be less physical active, develop poor eating, Weight loss and lock of self confident and leads to obesity.

B. High Blood Pressure, cholesterol and diabetics

This are the main problem on why people suffer with their diseases. It either be genetic or in food choice. Understanding the family history or risk factor will improve their body health.

An article entitled "Fast Food Nutrition: Junk Food's Effect On Your Body". According to Fit Day , "Even in the short term, eating too much junk food can make you feel really uncomfortable. It can lead to mood swings and constipation, and lower your energy levels so that you lack interest in the exercise you need to burn off those extra calories.

(http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/fast-food-nutrition-junk-foods-effect-on-your-body.html#b).

The article talks about the possible and major disease that can found in junk food. Wherein this disease have it's own duty of negative affect to us. Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat, particularly saturated fat. It is often heavily processed and prepackaged, making it easy to prepare and consume. It typically refers to foods that are relatively high in caloric content, but low in nutritional value. It can raise cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetic contributing to heart disease. This occurs when we are stress, the appetite of junk food to us. Junk food will me you feel  uncomfortable, less energy levels and leads to lack of interest in exercise.

III. Negative Emotional and Psychological Effects

A. Junk food is liked to depression

An individual choice depend on energy and nutrients needs and also the Society plays a major role to us. Choosing unhealthy food will somehow affect us with our psychological emotions and leads to depression.

Andrew McCullochwrote an article entitled "Rise in Mental illness unhealthy diets say studies say studies.linked to  unhealthy diets , Say studies (Press release)". McCulloch states that "Food can have an immediate and lasting effect on mental health and behavior because of the way it affects the structure and function of the brain, They are eating lots of convenience foods, snacks, takeaways, chocolate bars, crisps. It’s very common for clients to be drinking a liter or two of cola a day. They get lots of sugar but a lot of them are eating only one portion of fruit or vegetable a day, if that."

(http://www.naturalnews.com/020268_health_food_diet.html)

The article carried out information and studies on how junk food affect our emotional and psychological behavior behind those questions. This article  discusses that depression in junk food connects to health brain problem. Junk food is defined as a state of feeling sad. It has a negative effect on mental health that could be giving you a serious case of depression as well. People with extremely high or low daily caloric intake, or had obesity-related diseases, were known for their behavior problem. It explains that it is because of the poor lifestyle to problems of behavior and leads to depression.  Depression increases, because lock of folic acid, omega 3 fatty acids and so more.

B. Junk food makes people feel fat

One can see to our surrounding this specific problem. This is mostly happen to teens. Wherein people are not contented to their self, they always find negative to their self like they feel that they are fat but the true is that it's normal and it's part growing of teenagers.

Sandy Szwarc wrote an article entitled "I think, therefore I am", written by Sandy Szwarc. Here, Sandy Szwarc states that "Statistics on the health of fat people are most often based on fat subjects found in medical settings, where it is unlikely that they will have avoided either subjection to dieting or feelings of intense anxiety about their health. Such fat patients, who have been sufficiently serious about weight loss to have consulted a doctor, are people under stress who may have gone on and off diets repeatedly, each time losing weight only to regain it again. The dangers of such a procedure have been known for more than a decade."

(http://junkfoodscience.blogspot.com/).

This article discuss about the possible effect and reason on why junk food makes people feel fat. It also discuss about the connection to stress and weight. Being fat is much worst that the actual being fat. People who are on diet began to suffer from obesity related to disease like the same rate as the rest of the population. It’s vice versa wherein people who are fat are most likely go for diet or feeling of intense anxiety, While people under stress and loss weight have gone on and off diets are going to regain it again. This cycle may more harmful than maintenance of a steady weight at a high level. People who tell them that they are fat are usually this people are going to have diet that has a big impact to us.

C. Junk food makes people miserable.

Depression affects millions of people worldwide. This figure makes it one of the main global causes of disability-adjusted life year. Further still, in countries with low and medium income it is the leading cause.

In an article entitled "Unhappy Meals: Are Fast Food, Depression Linked" written by ABC News, from the site abcnews.go.com. The researcher discussed junk food leads to depression and this is connected to depression. 

The researcher stated that "The more fast food you consume, the greater the risk of depression but even eating small quantities is linked to a significantly higher chance of developing depression."

(http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/03/30/unhappy-meals-are-fast-food-depression-linked/). 

Junk food are connected to angry and irritable without proper nutrition. 

They made an observation and the output on that observation is that 51% are most likely to develop depression. There is another reason why people eating junk food leads to depression is that  stressed relief. Having negative moods are more likely prone to moodiness and leads to depression.

IV. Fast food, junk food and social stigma

Stigma is defined by Merriam Webster as an identifying mark or characteristic; specifically :  a specific diagnostic sign of a disease. Worldwide obesity rates are higher than they have ever been before and are consistently climbing further. Obesity can be looked upon as a medical condition, there are heavy psychological burdens associated with it as well. The social stigma of obesity often causes those who are obese to dislike themselves and become reclusive. 

An article entitled "Food addiction label increases stigma for obese individual, study finds" written by  Nina Bahadur. Here, Nina Bahadur states that "The obese food addict received significantly higher ratings of anger/disgust and social distance than either obese or food addict labels, indicative of an additive stigmatizing effect. Our findings offer preliminary insights into how food addiction is perceived among other health conditions and how it affects public attitudes toward obesity,Compared to other stigmatizing addictions, food addiction is less vulnerable to the public stigma,The problem is that obesity is so strongly associated with willpower or personal responsibility. Whether the food addiction label is enough to to challenge those stereotypes, we don't know."

(http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/12/food-addict-label-fat-stigma-obese_n_2670457.html.)

Stigma falls from the meaning of food addiction. The researcher compared stigma that to smoking alcoholism with less stigma rating. The researcher give thought that most obese people are mostly become anger, disgust and social distance. She also compared stigma of food addiction label to alcoholism and smoking that are legal. Stigma is known for real condition wherein food addiction affects our brain. Wherein people are less confident and less likely to seek medical treatment than underweight. Junk food label to obesity or normal weight especially for women's weight that leads to stress levels.

Chapter 1

Introduction

A. Background of the Study

Junk food is popular. It is not hard to see how junk food has become a part of our daily life. When you turn on TV, we can see hamburger that are fresh and big. When we look outside, there are plenty of fast food like McDonald, Jollibee and so more in every block.

Craig Lambert wrote an article entitled "The way we eat now". In that article, Craig discussed how and why junk food has become so popular. He discusses how junk food addiction has something to do with how it was made to taste. People who manufacture and market junk food have done extensive research about what makes food attractive.

Craig Lambert says, "they have carefully researched the exact levels of sweetness and saltiness that will make every food as attractive as possible".
(http://harvardmagazine.com/2004/05/the-way-we-eat-now.html)

One can notice this attration to junk food happening every day. For one, it is marketed to people how are young, people whose dietary are influenced primarily by what food taste"good" to them. Junk food in sari sari store are sold as low as P1.00 per pack. Making it an affordable snack, even for children with minimal allowance.


Most people tend to buy junk food. It is common knowledge in our today's life. As we can see in our surrounding, people develop easy, faster preparation and served quickly. People preffered to buy junk food because it is convenient and affordable. 

Lucy Waterlow wrote an article entitled, "The Tricks Fast Food restaurant use to get you more". In that article, he discussed how and why junk food tend to buy by most people. He discusses about the advantages of junk food today.

Lucy Waterlow says, "food related estimation and consumption can be influenced by others".
(http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2538568/REVEALED-The-tricks-fast-food-restaurants-use-eat-more.html)

Some people are lazy to prepared their food and they find a way that will help them to their daily lifestyle, this are the sari sari store that we can see to our surrounding. They make are life easier and faster.

Junk Food is heavily advertised. It's not hard to say that advertisement increases. As we can see outside of our house there's a lot of boulevard showing their product. When we turn on our computer's, TV's and some gadgets, we can see their pop out advertisement.

David Gutierrez wrote an article entitled "Online Advertising Easily Influences Teens to Eat More Junk Food". He discuss how and why junk food heavily advertised. He discusses about the impact of advertisement to people especially the youth.

David Gutierrez says that, "as the media marketplace continues its rapid transformation, becoming a ubiquitous presence in young people's lives, further academic research is needed to understand fully the nature, scope, and extent of interactive advertising's impact on youth."
(http://www.naturalnews.com/028159_teens_junk_food_advertising.html#ixzz2xh3l50tz)

One can notice that advertisement seems attractive to our eyes. It influenced our eating life style. They shows heavily advertisement and using product that are very appealing to us. 

• Although a mass of people has been buying junk food, the researcher notes that not everyone is mindful of the harmful effects junk food has on the physical structure that shape food choice.

There is a need to provide information on the negative effects of junk food. Delivering this data would allow the reader to reach better judgement regarding food choices. In addition to that, the reader will be provided enough information to convinced others to make healthier choices.

• 
  

The purpose of this paper is to explained the negative effects of junk food on a persons physical, mental and emotional health.

B. Statement of the problem

1. This study aim to answer this question: What are the negative effects of junk food on a person's physical, mental and emotional health?


C. Significant of the Study


Students and Parents.
Knowledge of this study would help students and parents to be aware an understand their eating habit. They would use this information for their future living.

Students and Professors. 
They would benifit from this study because they would able to make use of the information imparted in this reserch as a future reference lessons for students.

Dietitian. 
Knowledge of this study would benefit dietitian. They would able to use this information that serve as guidelines to advice patient about their eating lifestyle.

Future Researchers.
Findings on this study may benefit future researchers as a reference. Furthermore, they may use this study format as a guide when making one.


D. Scope and Delimitation.


This study mainly focus on the factors on how junk food influences us to eat more nowadays. In some way, the study also aims to reveal the true meaning of junk food behind appearance and taste.

Due to limited time, the researcher will not able to discuss any information about the the advantages of junk food.


E. Materials and Methods


In this research, the materials used to gather the information the researcher have gathered was mostly from articles found online and a book that focuses on the science of junk food.

The data gathered will be analysed and observed the effect of junk food to us.


F. Definition of Terms


Junk Food. Has low in nutritional value.

Dietitian. Are experts in food and nutrients. They advise people on what to eat.

Future Researcher. The identification of possible future scenarios with the goal of anticipating and perhaps influencing what the future holds.

Blogpost 8: Why doesn't Fast Food fit to our body?

Why are people, in recent years, switching to fast food restaurant. Could it be that they purely just enjoy fast food.Well I will discussed about the secret that junk food has. 

I found an article entitled, "Why You Should Avoid Fast Food at All Costs". by Richard  Stossel from the site of naturalnews.com. People ignored that junk food is not good for our health maybe because it's convenience but the worst is it may affect our body. The articles talks about that the junk food is not fit to human. The author talks about that the animal that becomes meat are contaminated during the processing. The deception to satisfied our senses into thinking that such healthy and good taste. The smell of not fresh food is just exactly in smells of fresh food. The color of food with its perception of flavor.  According to CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), "Every day in the United States, roughly 200,000 people are sickened by a food borne disease".

I agree because this is connected to advertisement wherein they courage as to eat junk food, even that they know it has a big impact to us. As my research goes on, I found out that the meat contaminated with strains of drug resistant bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus,the most commonly causes staph infections.

I found another article that catch my attention, this article entitled, "Window Cleaning Chemical Injected Into Fast Food Hamburger Meat", by Mike Adams, from the site naturalnews.com.

The articles talks about that that the beef and other foods is injected with ammonia that used in glass cleaning and window cleaning products with full approval of USDA. The idea of using ammonia is to sterilize beef before selling it for human consumption. After of testing the product, ammonia injection was effective that the meat products were safe beyond.

According to the author "The ammonia doesn't always kill the pathogens".

When I read that article, It makes me feel sick. I found out that Ammonia leaks often lead to food contamination in food plants and can cause illness among consumers who accidentally consume the food products contaminated with high levels of ammonia. Therefore, a rapid, simple yet accurate method has to be established for on-site ammonia level screening in food plants to ensure the food is safe. 

And now I conclude that some Fast Food doesn't fit to our body and also they have secret behind it that we don't seen by our naked eye.

Blogpost 7: Salt and Sugar

Cutting back on your fast food can significantly decrease your overall salt intake and sugar. Most restaurant overuse salt, which can quickly increase your daily consumption. When you consume too much, it may increase the salt content of your blood and increase blood volume. Sugar or glucose that can create your blood sugar levels or diabetics. 

I found an article entitled, "Salt Secret", by Emily Sohn, from the site of atudent.societyscience.org. The article talks about that, we may not notice salt in ingredient, even we may eat a lot of it. Salt is made up of sodium and chlorine. Wherein we need small amount of sodium for our muscle and nerves. But too much sodium can cause the body to produce more blood. Nowadays, 90% adult develop hypertension. Salt can affect heart, weight, kidney and waistline. Most of the people don't spend much time worrying their health disease unless they reach to the point of middle age or older. The author gives way to reduce the amount of sodium, this as to start sprinkling the condiments and reading the nutrition labels. According to the author, "The salt that you sprinkle into food is easy to measure. Unfortunately, it may be just a fraction of the total salt in your daily diet"

I agree with the author. Salt is not harmful in moderate amounts. I found out that there is also benefits in salt. Here are the different types and their benefits. First, Sea Salt contains a selenium which helps to chelate toxic heavy metals from the body, chromium and osteoporosis. Second, Table Salt, helps balance the blood pressure. third, Fake Sea Salt from the word"fake" which means not real salt that gives off white color unlike the real salt that gray or slightly pink.         

 I found another article entitled, "Salt, Sugar, Fat: How the Food Giants", by Joanna Blythman, from the site of hteguardian.com. The journalist author gained information from hundred of current and former food industry insides like nutrition scientist, lobbyists and more. The articles talks about the junk food is like drugs wherein the formulation of product is addictive.There are three ingredient salt, sugar and fat. Many commentors who sell products like fried chicken and many more oily food have no problem signing the argument though it many chemicals. Sugar is known for dietary that agree to hate. According to the author, "They may have salt, sugar and fat on their side and all we need is to make good choices."

I agree because nowadays, as we can see, there's a lot of junk food that surrounds us. They are all appealing to our eyes but we need to be smart in choosing foods that really fit to our body and makes as totally healthy. Person get addicted if and only if they will he or she will not lessen eating junk food.

I conclude that eating junk food is addicted because of the changes of the brain that can leads to overeating. The brain responds to junk food the same way it does to heroin.

Blogpost 6: Junk food, does it Affects to Sleeping Pattern and Obesity?

Everyone knows that foods high in fat or sugar are unhealthy in large quantities. Did you ever feel to get less sleep at night? Well, me too. People who got less sleep are intended to make unhealthy food choices and may have the possible to eat more junk food. This is the start of an unhealthy emotional lifestyle which will lead to health complications.

This are the proof that junk food has a lot to do with health, an article entitled "Sleepheads Prefer Junk Food" by Janet Raloff, from the site of student.societyforscience.org. The experience done for two separate night with 23 adult volunteers. They were encourage to sleep normally. Then one night, they kept the recruits awake all night. After all of experiment they found out that they become active and better after they viewing a sweet and fatty foods. This showed that people without sleep triggered changes in brain activity and this involved less active. This study shows between appetite and sleep wherein sleepheads recruits to ate highly calorie foods at least 25% more. According to the author, "A night without sleep changes the brain and how appetizing people find high calorie foods".

I agree with the author. Because based on my research people who get the right amount of sleep are more likely to be overweight. This is because the brain is less active in deciding food choices leading people to make the unhealthier decision. The amount of sleep and how healthy you eat is directly related to why people are more attracted to junk food.

I found another article entitled "Body Clocks" by Jennifer Cutraro, from the site of student .societyforcescience.org. This article talks about that in our brain that, there's a master clock that respond to determind our next activity will do. Everyone's rythm are unique. By getting hungry when normal eat and sleep. Even though we dont know what the time it is, your body does.This study pinpointed the food clock to a certain part of are body. According to Steven Shea,"There is a growing sense that when we eat and when sleep are important parts of how healthy we are".

I agree because based on my research, we all have 24 hour internal body clock that controls the host of different hormones are released and some responsible for energy levels and calming us before we sleep.

 I conclude that understanding your body clock means you can synchronize your daily activities with it, helping control your weight and improve sleep and boost energy 

Blogpost 5: Advantage and Disadvantage of Junk Food

• Fast food, is convenient and a tasty addition to a diet, can have serious health and social effects. People should learn to choose fast food carefully and remember the joy of eating good foods.

Fast food has advantages but when is it healthy to eat fast food? I found an article entitled "Healthy Fast Food" by  Maya W. Paul from the site helpguide.org. The article talks about the healthier choices at fast food to check the guides show in nutritional content. The author gives several tips for making choices. Like Special Order, this is the side dish or vagetables in your main dishes. Eat mindfully, to pay attention. Undress your food , by choosing item and you can control what you put in that food. According to the author,  "fast food is low in nutrition and high in trans fat, saturated fat, sodium, and calories".

I agree with the author. Fast Food has increase nowadys, especially to teens. Not all fast food is bad to our health. Some of it offers more on vegetarian. Well, it seems that we are tempted to eat junk food especially sweets.

I found another article entitled "Fast food raises risk of childhood allergies andasthma; fruit lowers risk", by David Gutierrez from the site natural news.com.The articles talks about, 39% of teenagers are higher risk in severe asthma. Those food are known to affect the immune system. In teenagers, fast food has higher risk of symptoms of all three conditions.

According to author  "If the associations between fast foods and the symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema is causal, then the findings have major public health significance owing to the rising consumption of fast foods globally".

I agree to the author. I found out that eating three or more weekly servings of fast food is linked to the severity of allergic asthma, eczema, and rhinitis among children in the developed world